Page 6 - Statement of Qualifications

RLC SERVICES

Wind and Renewable Energy Studies

The growth of solar, wind and battery renewable energy sources has been brisk the
last few years and is likely to continue its high penetration of both small- and large-
scale projects. We analyze the integration of these resources onto both transmission
and distribution systems through interconnection studies or fatal flaw assessments.
We have analyzed interconnections of small and large resources, performed siting
and interconnection studies and most recently performed studies for emerging
technologies. In addition, we perform congestion analyses to study moving large
quantities of renewable energy over long distances.
Software Applications: RLC Engineering personnel are proficient, competent
and knowledgeable users of ASPEN, CYME, EasyPower, PSCAD/ATP, PSLF,
PSS/E, SKM Power Tools, Synergi, TARA, as well as our own developed and
specialized programs.
Experience

RLC has performed hundreds of distribution system studies for utilities
throughout the Northeast, with a wide breadth of industry software
knowledge including CYME, PSCAD, Synergi, SKM, WindMil, ASPEN
OneLiner, PSS/E, SKM, TARA, EasyPower and Arc Pro.

A large portion of these have been interconnection projects ranging
from 250 kW to 35 MW. Our engineers are experienced with Smart
Inverter Technology and leveraging DER inverter capabilities to assist
in mitigating interconnection impacts. RLC is experienced with steady-
state (thermal, voltage, reactive power), short-circuit (fault contribution,
effective grounding), protection (protective reach, coordination),
time-series (IEEE1453/1547-2018 flicker), Volt/VAR inverter setting
design, Coefficient of Grounding (COG), and Risk of Islanding (ROI)
and Temporary Overvoltage (TOV) screenings. Where ROI and TOV
screenings indicate the need for time-domain analyses, PSCAD
studies are performed to ensure system reliability while avoiding
unnecessary upgrade costs.
In addition, RLC distribution system studies engineers performed
Python characterization and modeling of Switched Source’s Tie
Controller and Phase Equalizer power electronics devices in
CYME, hosting capacity analyses for Maryland utilities, arc hazard
analyses per NFPA 70E, subtransmission analyses for ISO-NE
approval, functional testing of manufacturer PSCAD inverter
models, and PSCAD-to-PSS/E model benchmarking according
to ISO-NE Planning Procedure No. 5-6.
RLC has also provided interconnection program management
services for Western Massachusetts.

6 STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS 7